The question of whether Jesus existed is best approached historically using textual criticism, which evaluates ancient sources based on manuscript evidence, dating, and independent attestation. When these criteria are applied consistently, the evidence for Jesus of Nazareth compares strongly—and often exceeds—that for widely accepted figures like Plato, Aristotle, and Julius Caesar. The New Testament is supported by thousands of early manuscripts, some dating close to the original events, allowing for a highly reliable reconstruction of the text. Early sources, including the letters of Paul the Apostle and non-Christian writers such as Tacitus and Flavius Josephus, independently confirm Jesus’ existence and crucifixion. Additional criteria, such as the inclusion of embarrassing details like Jesus’ execution, further support authenticity. While some modern theories suggest Jesus was mythical, this view is rejected by the majority of scholars, including Bart D. Ehrman. Overall, when all evidence is considered together, the most coherent historical conclusion is that Jesus was a real person.

Reflection
Spend 10 minutes Journal and reflect on the following
  1. What is textual criticism?
  2. What proof do historians use in textual criticism and how does the New Testament compare?
  3. Is there evidence inside the text which might indicate he existed?
  4. Where do you stand?
Discuss

Song



Final Prayer

Loving God, source of all truth and wisdom, we come before you with searching minds and open hearts. In our questioning and curiosity, guide us to seek not only evidence, but a deeper understanding. Help us to approach history with honesty, humility, and a desire for truth. As we reflect on the life of Jesus, may we recognize not only the weight of historical witness, but the invitation of his presence in our lives today. Strengthen our faith where there is doubt, and deepen our trust where there is uncertainty.

Teach us to value both reason and belief, knowing that both can lead us closer to you. May the testimony of those who came before us inspire us to live with integrity, courage, and hope. Help us to see that truth is not only something to be proven, but something to be lived. As we continue our journey of discovery, draw us closer to your heart, and help us to recognise your presence in history, in others, and within ourselves. We ask this through Christ our Lord. Amen
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